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Total Knee Replacement In India: An Overview
Total knee replacement, or TKR, is one of the most common and successful orthopaedic surgeries performed today. Also called knee arthroplasty, it is a surgical procedure to replace the damaged part of the knee joint. It is safe and highly effective and provides successful outcomes for patients suffering from end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Let’s learn about this procedure in detail.
Procedure Name
Total Knee Replacement (TKR)
Symptoms indicating need
Severe knee pain, Stiffness, Limited range of motion, Difficulty walking or climbing stairs, Pain even when resting, swelling or inflammation
Causes
Osteoarthritis (the most common), Rheumatoid arthritis, Traumatic injury
Diagnosis
Physical examination, X-rays and MRI scans
Treated By
Orthopaedic Surgeon
Surgical Techniques
Open TKR surgery, Minimally Invasive TKR surgery, Robot-assisted TKR
What Is Total Knee Replacement?
Total knee replacement (TKR) surgery, also called arthroplasty (joint replacement), is a type of surgery in which damaged cartilage and bone from the knee joint are removed and replaced with artificial components called prosthetics. Primarily done for severely diseased joints due to conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or a severe injury where the cartilage and bone have been extensively damaged, TRK helps relieve and improve the joint’s range of motion.
The implants that are placed typically consist of metal alloys, high-grade plastics, and polymers that imitate the knee’s natural function and range of motion. After TKR, most patients experience decreased pain, increased ability to move, and an overall better quality of life. Total knee replacement was first performed in the late 1960s. Since then, there have been many improvements in medical technology and surgical materials, which have not only made this procedure more effective but also relatively safer, with minimal risks.
Indications for Total Knee Replacement: When Is It Done?
TKR is a major surgery and is typically recommended after other treatments have not helped, in cases like:
Osteoarthritis (OA)
Severe OA is one of the most common reasons for TKR, where the cartilage is completely worn down, causing bones to rub against each other, leading to pain and stiffness.
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Joint inflammation caused by RA can lead to the erosion of cartilage and bone, necessitating TKR in advanced stages.
Post-Traumatic Arthritis
A severe injury can cause patients to develop post-traumatic arthritis, with damaged ligaments or cartilage. This eventually requires surgical intervention.
No Relief with Conservative Treatments
Total knee replacement is recommended when non-surgical treatments like medications, injections or physical therapy have not provided relief to the patient.
Our Specialist Best Doctors for Total Knee Replacement
Before the Surgery
Before TKR, your orthopaedic surgeon will conduct a thorough evaluation including medical history, physical examination, X-rays and MRI to assess the damage in the joint. If a patient has comorbidities like obesity, diabetes or any heart condition, additional tests may be required to minimize surgical risks and aid recovery.
During this, your doctor will also take some time to educate you on what to expect during and after the surgery.
The Surgical Process
- Sedation – TKR is performed under general or spinal anaesthesia.
- Incision – The surgeon will make an incision over the knee to expose the surgical area.
- Prepare the bone – Damaged cartilage and bone from the femur, tibia and sometimes patella are removed using specialised tools.
- Implant positioning – The surgeon will then replace the damaged parts with metal components (implant) that re-create the surface of the joint. Implants can be cemented or press-fit into the bone.
- Resurfacing – The undersurface of the patella or kneecap is cut and resurfaced with a plastic button. Some surgeons may not opt to resurface the patella, depending on patient-specific cases.
- Alignment – After this, your surgeon will ensure proper alignment of the implant for optimal joint function and stability.
Techniques Used for Total Knee Replacement
There are several techniques that can be used to perform total knee replacement. Here’s a detailed look at some commonly used TKR techniques:
1. Traditional Total Knee Replacement
The conventional approach to TKR involves an open surgery where a long incision (8 to 12 inches) is made to access the joint, resurface the damaged bones and place the implants.
Advantages – Clear view of the joint during surgery, making it easier to align and position the implant accurately.
Drawbacks – Longer incision means more muscle and tissue disruption, increasing recovery time and post-op pain.
2. Minimally Invasive Total Knee Replacement (MIS-TKR)
As the name suggests, minimally invasive TKR is done with a shorter incision (4 to 6 inches) and involves less disruption to muscles and tissues.
Advantages – Reduced muscle damage, shorter recover time, less post-op pain and quicker return to daily activities.
Drawbacks – MIS-TKR requires specialised surgical skills and may not be suitable for everyone, especially for patients with obesity or severe knee deformity.
3. Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Replacement
In this procedure, advanced robotic systems are used to plan and execute the surgery with precision. For this, preoperative CT scans are used to create a 3D model of the damaged knee and the entire procedure is planned beforehand. During the surgery, the robotic arm, controlled by the surgeon, is used to help ensure accurate bone cuts and implant placement.
Advantages – A high-degree precision in bone cutting and implant positioning, reduced soft tissue trauma and increased implant longevity.
Drawbacks – It requires specialised training and equipment and can be quite costly.
Why Choose CureMe?
At CureMe, we are dedicated to delivering top-notch surgical care with a focus on patient comfort and advanced technology. We provide seamless surgical services across India, ensuring you receive the best care wherever you are.
Consultation for a Wide Range of Conditions
CureMe offers consultations for more than 50 conditions and treatments, including Piles, Hernia, Kidney Stones, Ear Infection, Abortion, IVF, Knee Replacement and more, across 45+ major cities in India.
Expert Care with Advanced Technology
Our experienced surgeons work closely with you to diagnose your condition. We provide thorough pre-surgery diagnostics and use advanced laser and laparoscopic techniques.
Support Throughout Your Surgery
A dedicated care coordinator will assist you from start to finish, handling everything from insurance paperwork to arranging free transport to and from the hospital and managing the admission and discharge process.
Care After Surgery
We offer free follow-up consultations and provide instructions, including dietary tips and exercises, to ensure a smooth recovery and help you return to your daily routine.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Immediately after the procedure is done, you will be monitored for a few hours. During this time, you may be asked to begin moving the knee, often on the same day or the following day of the surgery. This is to prevent risks like blood clots.
Physical therapy will be a crucial part of your recovery process. You will begin rehabilitation exercises soon after the surgery, which will continue for several months to ensure that you restore strength, flexibility and range of motion.
With proper rehabilitation and rest, you can expect to return to your daily activities within 4 to 6 weeks, though this will also depend on the type of surgery you’ve had.
Cost of Total Knee Replacement in India
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Procedure
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Cost of Total Knee Replacement in India
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Traditional Total Knee Replacement
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₹1,50,000 – ₹3,50,000
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Minimally Invasive Knee Replacement
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₹2,00,000 – ₹4,00,000
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Robotic-Assisted Knee Replacement
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₹3,00,000 – ₹6,00,000
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*Terms and Conditions Apply
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ's)
About Total Knee Replacement Surgery
Who is a good candidate for TKR?
Patients with severe knee pain due to conditions like arthritis, joint degeneration or injury can undergo TKR, especially if other conservative treatments have not worked.
What is the recovery time for a full knee replacement?
While the exact time will depend on the patient’s health and the surgical technique, initial recovery takes about 4 to 6 weeks. Full recovery can take 6 months to a year. Rehabilitation plays a crucial role in regaining strength and mobility.
What is the success rate of total knee replacement?
The success rate of TKR is quite high, with studies showing around 90 to 95% of patients experiencing significant pain reduction and improved mobility. Also, modern implants have a long lifespan, with 85-90% of them still functioning well after 15-20 years.
When can I resume normal activities, like walking and climbing stairs?
Most patients will be able to walk the same day or a couple of days after the surgery. You can expect to return to basic activities like walking or climbing stairs within 2 to 4 weeks post-op.
How do I choose the right surgeon for TKR?
Looking for an orthopaedic surgeon with expertise in total knee replacement can be a tedious task. Luckily, CureMe can help you decide as we create customised lists for you factoring in things like the surgeon’s expertise, patient satisfaction rates, experience with advanced techniques etc. Leave all that to us.
Can I kneel or squat after a TKR?
Do not try to knee or squat immediately after your surgery. Follow your surgeon’s advice and listen to your body. While recovering, you can try half squats, however, deep squatting should only be done after you’ve fully recovered and have the go-ahead from your surgeon. Remember to not push your body.
Still Have a Question?
Reach out to our healthcare experts at Cure Me for discussing any concerns and queries regarding Total Knee Replacement.
Looking For the Best and Most Advanced Total Knee Replacement in India? Reach Out to Our Experts at CureMe
Are you struggling with severe knee pain, discomfort or mobility issues? Then, it may be time for you to consider a total knee replacement (TKR). If you’re planning for surgery, CureMe is here to make the process easy. Not only do we provide you with a list of top orthopaedic surgeons experienced in TKR, but we also assist you in connecting with them and ensuring a seamless experience from start to finish. Our team always prioritises your comfort and peace of mind, so you can focus entirely on your recovery. Leave the details to us and start your journey to pain-free life with confidence.
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