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Understanding Rectal Prolapse: An Overview
Rectal prolapse (गुदा प्रोलैप्स) is a medical condition where the rectum (the last part of the large intestine) slips outside the anus. This condition can be uncomfortable and distressing, causing symptoms such as pain, bleeding, and a visible bulge. Various factors can contribute to rectal prolapse, including chronic constipation, weakened pelvic muscles, and other underlying medical conditions. At Cure Me, we have specialists who can guide you through the process and help you find the best treatment options for your condition.
Read on to learn more about the symptoms, causes, diagnostic methods, prevention strategies, and treatment options for rectal prolapse. This information will help you understand the condition better and make informed decisions about your surgical options.
Disease name
Rectal Prolapse
Symptoms
Pain, Bleeding, Visible bulge, Discomfort during bowel movements
Causes
Chronic constipation, Weakened pelvic muscles, Neurological disorders, Connective tissue disorders, Aging, Previous rectal surgery
Diagnosis
Physical examination, Defecography, Colonoscopy, MRI or CT scan, Anal manometry
Treated By
Colorectal surgeon, Gastroenterologist, General surgeon
Treatment Options
Medications, Pelvic floor therapy, Minimally invasive procedures, Rectopexy, Perineal procedures, Laparoscopic surgery
What is Rectal Prolapse?
The rectum is the final section of the large intestine, where stool is held before it exits the body. It is supported in place by surrounding muscles. Rectal prolapse occurs when the rectum slips out of its normal position and protrudes through the anus. This can manifest as an external prolapse, where the rectum visibly extends outside the anus, or as an internal prolapse, where the rectum falls into the anus without protruding out.
Typically, surgery is the recommended treatment for rectal prolapse. This condition is more common in women than men and generally affects individuals over 50, particularly those with a history of chronic constipation or diarrhea. In essence, a prolapse happens when an organ moves out of its usual position, and in this case, it involves the rectum.
Types of Anal Fissures
External Prolapse
This occurs when the rectum extends outside the anus and is visible externally. It may be seen as a reddish, bulging mass during or after a bowel movement.
Internal Prolapse (Incomplete Prolapse)
In this type, the rectum slips into the anus but does not protrude outside. It may only be noticeable during a bowel movement or through a rectal examination.
Complete Prolapse
This is when the rectum fully protrudes from the anus and remains outside the body. It is often more severe and requires medical intervention to manage.
Partial Prolapse
Only a portion of the rectum slips through the anus, which might be less pronounced than a complete prolapse but still requires medical attention.
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Symptoms of Rectal Prolapse
Many people notice a reddish mass bulging from the anus during or after a bowel movement, which may be a sign of rectal prolapse. Initially, the rectum may retract on its own, but as the condition worsens, it can feel like the rectum is protruding from the anus. In such cases, a doctor can often reposition the rectum by gently pushing it back into place.
Other symptoms of rectal prolapse include:
- Rectal bleeding
- Pain in the anal or rectal area
- Leakage of mucus or blood from the rectum
- Diarrhea or constipation
- A sensation that the rectum has not been fully emptied after a bowel movement
What Causes Rectal Prolapse?
Rectal prolapse happens when the muscles that keep the rectum in place fail to do so. This might be caused by several factors. Many possibilities include the following:
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Chronic diarrhea and constipation can increase the risk of rectal prolapse. Persistent straining during bowel movements can also contribute to the condition.
- Weakening of the Anal Sphincter: The anal sphincter is a muscular structure that controls the movement of stool from the rectum to the anus. Weakness in this muscle can lead to rectal prolapse.
- Nerve Damage: The muscles controlling bowel movements are regulated by nerves. Damage to these nerves, due to conditions like spinal injury, pregnancy, paralysis of the anal sphincter, or vaginal birth, can result in rectal prolapse.
- Aging: As you age, the muscles responsible for controlling the rectum and anus can weaken, increasing the risk of prolapse.
- Underlying Medical Conditions: Conditions such as parasitic infections, malnutrition, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, and diabetes can also contribute to rectal prolapse.
Diagnosis of Rectal Prolapse
To diagnose rectal prolapse, your doctor will start by discussing your symptoms and medical history. A thorough physical examination, including a rectal examination, will be performed to assess the extent of the prolapse. Additional diagnostic tests may include:
- Defecography: X-ray examination of the rectum during bowel movements to visualize the prolapse.
- Colonoscopy: To rule out other conditions and assess the health of the colon.
- MRI or CT Scan: Detailed imaging to evaluate the extent of prolapse and related issues.
- Anal Manometry: Measures the strength and function of the anal sphincter muscles.
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Treatment Options for Rectal Prolapse
Effective treatment for rectal prolapse aims to relieve symptoms, restore normal anatomy, and improve quality of life. Treatment options include:
Medications:
Dietary Changes
Increasing fiber intake and staying hydrated to prevent constipation.
Stool Softeners
To ease bowel movements and reduce straining.
Pelvic Floor Therapy
Exercises and biofeedback to strengthen pelvic muscles.
Topical Treatments
Creams and ointments containing numbing agents or corticosteroids can reduce pain and inflammation.
Surgical Options:
Rectopexy
Surgical fixation of the rectum to the sacrum to prevent prolapse.
Perineal Procedures
Delorme’s or Altemeier’s procedures involve removing part of the prolapsed rectum.
Laparoscopic Surgery
Minimally invasive surgery to correct the prolapse with faster recovery.
Non-Surgical Option:
Minimally Invasive Procedures
Techniques like rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy for mild cases.
When to Consider Rectal Prolapse Surgery?
Surgical intervention for rectal prolapse is often considered in the following situations:
- Persistent Symptoms: When symptoms do not improve with non-surgical treatments.
- Complete Prolapse: For severe cases where the entire rectum protrudes through the anus.
- Significant Impact on Quality of Life: When prolapse significantly affects daily activities and overall comfort.
Cost of Rectal Prolapse Surgery
The cost of surgery for rectal prolapse can vary based on factors such as the type of procedure, the hospital or clinic, and location. Here is a general estimate for the cost of different rectal prolapse procedures in India:
Surgery Name | Surgery Cost |
Rectopexy | ₹70,000 to ₹1,20,000* |
Perineal Procedures | ₹50,000 to ₹90,000* |
Laparoscopic Surgery | ₹80,000 to ₹1,50,000* |
*Terms and Conditions Apply
Frequently Asked Questions
Rectal prolapse happens when the supporting muscles and ligaments of the rectum (the last part of the large intestine) become weak and slip down inside your anus. There is no exact cause of the rectal prolapse; however, several factors like chronic constipation, prolonged straining during bowel movements, complications during childbirth, and nerve damage.
Chronic constipation and prolonged straining during bowel movements can lead to rectal prolapse. You can avoid rectal prolapse by taking certain precautions like following healthy bowel movements, taking a high-fiber diet, and performing pelvic exercise.
Rectal prolapse at a minor stage can be managed by introducing medications, but in severe cases, surgical treatment is necessary for securing the rectum into place. Surgical treatment for rectal prolapse involves repairing and reconstructing the rectum, which helps restore normal function and improve the patient’s quality of life.
Diet is an essential factor for the management of rectal prolapse. If you have rectal prolapse, you must avoid foods that can cause constipation and lead to hard stools, bloating, and discomfort. Certain food options that you must avoid include low-fiber foods, spicy foods, dairy products, fried and fatty foods, alcohol, and red meat.
Rectal prolapse is a major surgery, and the cost of it depends on various factors such as the type of surgical procedure, hospital type/clinic, consultation fees, patient’s age, and overall health condition.
When to Get Professional Help for Rectal Prolapse
If you experience any of the following symptoms, it’s important to seek medical advice:
- A reddish, bulging mass protruding from the anus during or after bowel movements.
- Ongoing or severe pain in the anal or rectal area.
- Bleeding from the rectum, whether bright red or mixed with stool.
- A sensation that the rectum is not fully emptied after bowel movements or discomfort.
- Persistent leakage of mucus or blood from the rectum.
- Significant changes in bowel habits, such as chronic constipation or diarrhea.
- A sensation of weakness or pressure in the anal area affecting daily activities.
Still Have a Question?
Reach out to our healthcare experts at Cure Me for discussing any concerns and queries regarding Rectal Prolapse treatment.
Get Effective Rectal Prolapse Treatment with Our Experts at Cure Me
For effective rectal prolapse treatment, turn to the experts at Cure Me. Our specialists offer advanced care to relieve symptoms and improve your quality of life. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment are essential for managing this condition and preventing recurrence. Whether you need conservative options or surgical interventions, our team provides personalized solutions tailored to your needs. Contact Cure Me to explore your treatment options and take the first step towards enhanced comfort and well-being.
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